Krakatau Volcano Tour History

Krakatau is a volcanic island that is still active and located in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra. This name was never pinned on a volcanic peak in there that, because of the eruption on 26-27 August 1883, then vanished. The explosion is very powerful and the resulting tsunami killed about 36,000 people.Until the date of December 26, 2004, this is a terdahsyat tsunami in the Indian Ocean region. Explosion sound was heard up in Alice Springs, Australia and the island of Rodrigues near Africa, 4653 miles. Yield is estimated at 30,000 times the atomic bomb that was detonated on Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II.

 

The eruption of Krakatau caused global climate change. The world was dark for two and a half days due to volcanic ash that covered the atmosphere. The sun shines dim until next year.Scattering dust visible in the sky Norway to New York.

 

Ancient Volcano Krakatau 

Looking at the region of Mount Krakatau in the Sunda Strait, experts estimate that in ancient times there is a huge mountain in the Sunda Strait which eventually erupted leaving a massive caldera (large crater) called Ancient Krakatau, which is the parent of Mount Krakatau erupted in 1883. The mountain is composed of andesitic rocks.

 

Ancient Krakatau erupted with very great, which caused a great explosion, three-quarters were destroyed leaving the body Ancient Krakatau caldera (large crater) in the Sunda Strait. The sides or edges of the crater known as Rakata Island, Long Island and Island Sertung, in another record called Pulau Rakata, Rakata Island and Small Island Sertung.

 

Ancient Krakatau explosion is expected to last for 10 days at an estimated speed of regurgitated mass reaches 1 million tons per second. The blast shield has formed a thick atmosphere of 20-150 meters, lowering the temperature of 5-10 degrees for 10-20 years.

 

The emergence of Mount KrakatauRakata island, which is one of the three remaining islands of Krakatoa then grow according to the Ancient volcanic impulse from deep within the earth, known as Mount Krakatau (or Mount Rakata) made of basaltic rock. Then, the two emerged from the volcano crater, named Danan Mountain and Mount Perbuwatan which then merges with Mount Rakata came first. The third union volcano is called Mount Krakatau.

 

Krakatau erupted and there was also the day Monday, August 27, 1883, promptly at 10:20. Noted that the explosion was the biggest, loudest and most devastating volcanic event in modern human history. Eruptions voice heard until 4600 km from the center of the eruption and can even be heard by a 1/8 of the population of the earth at that time.

 

Krakatau explosion had thrown stones, pumice and volcanic ash with a volume of 18 cubic kilometers. Vulkaniknya bursts of dust at 80 km. Hard objects that flew into the air it falls on the plains of Java and Sumatra, even to Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Australia and New Zealand.

 

The eruption destroyed Danan Mountain, Mount Gunung Rakata Perbuwatan and some where a half cone is missing, create a basin-wide and 7 km deep as 250 meters. Waves reached as high as 40 meters destroying villages and whatever is on the coast. The tsunami was caused not only because of the eruption, but also the underwater landslide.

 

Recorded the death toll reached 36 417 people from 295 coastal villages from Merak (Serang) to cilamaya in Karachi, the Cape west coast of Banten to display on the island of Panaitan (Ujung Kulon and southern Sumatra. In Ujungkulon, incoming flood of up to 15 km to the west. next day until a few days later, residents of Jakarta and Lampung outback no longer see the sun. Tsunami waves generated even climbing up to the coast of Hawaii, Central America and the west coast of the Arabian Peninsula seven thousand kilometers away.

 

Anak KrakatauBegan in 1927 or about 40 years after the eruption of Mount Krakatoa, a volcano that emerged known as Anak Krakatau caldera of the ancient region that is still active and still growing in height. The cause of the high mountain was caused by the material that comes out of the new mountain belly. Anak Krakatau current altitude reaches about 230 meters above sea level, while the height of Mount Krakatau previous 813 meters above sea level.

 

Anak Krakatau is at the regional tourist destination due to very active and relatively safe although there is often a small eruption, there are only certain times of the tourists are prohibited from approaching the area because of the danger that spewed lava volcano.

Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon

Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon is representative of the tropical rain forest ecosystem remaining lowland and the largest in West Java, and is an ideal habitat for the survival of endangered Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) and other endangered species. There are three types of ecosystems in national parks is the marine ecosystems, coastal and terrestrial ecosystems.

Diversity of plants and animals in Ujung Kulon National Park began to be known by the researchers, botanists Netherlands and the UK since 1820.

Approximately 700 species of plants is well protected and 57 species including such rare; merbau (Intsia bijuga), palahlar (Dipterocarpus haseltii), bengang (Lagerstroemia speciosa), luminous (Pterospermum diversifolium), ki rain (Engelhardia serrata) and various types of orchids .

Wildlife in Ujung Kulon National Park consists of 35 species of mammals, 5 species of primates, 59 species of reptiles, 22 species of amphibians, 240 species of birds, 72 species of insects, 142 species of fish and 33 species of coral. Endangered and protected than the  Javan rhinoceros  (Bos javanicus javanicus), ajag (Cuon alpinus javanicus), Javan (Presbytis Comata Comata), langur (Trachypithecus auratus auratus), deer (Cervus russa timorensis), leopard (Panthera pardus), stone cats (Prionailurus javanensis bengalensis), gibbon (Hylobates moloch), and giant clams (Tridacna gigas).

National Park The Park is an interesting natural attractions, the beauty of the various forms of symptoms and the natural uniqueness of the  rafting rivers , waterfalls, white sand beaches, hot springs, marine parks and cultural heritage / history (statue of Ganesha, the Mount Panaitan Island Mercury). All of which create an unforgettable experience for the visitor and hard to find elsewhere.

Species of interest in the National Park Ujung Kulon both living in the sea or rivers, among others, butterfly fish, clown, angel, lion, parrot, glodok and chopsticks. Glodok fish and fish chopsticks are two types of fish that is very strange and unique that glodok fish have the ability to climb trees, while the fish chopsticks have the ability to spray water over a height of more than one meter to shoot prey (small insects) in the i the leaves of the branches protruding above the water.
Ujung Kulon National Park with Krakatau Nature Reserve is a national asset, and has been designated a World Natural Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1991.

To enhance the ability of Ujung Kulon National Park management as a World Natural Heritage Site, UNESCO has provided financial support and technical assistance.

Communities living around the national park is famous for its tribal art Banten debusnya. The community of followers of Islam, but they still retain the customs, traditions, and culture of their ancestors.

Inside the park, there are places that are sacred to the interests of different religious beliefs. The most famous as a pilgrimage destination is the cave Biosciences Sirah, which is located at the western end of the peninsula of Ujung Kulon.